Clock reaction lab what is the effect of concentration on the rate of a reaction. You will record how long it takes for each reaction to complete, then calculate and compare the reaction rates. Rate of reaction lab report by harsha pillai on prezi. Document this lab activity in your laboratory book in standard format. It would be advantageous to slow down some of these reactions such as food spoilage and rust formations. Lab report on rate of reaction fnd03 sussex studocu. Ideally, a guided discussion will lead to identifying the surface area as a variable and that more surface area results in a faster reaction.
The rate of reaction determined by several factors, including the concentration of the reactants, temperature, the. This activity is to be done in student groups of 2 only. For part 4, we predicted that catalysts will affect the rate of the chemical reaction. Collision theory states that in order for a reaction to proceed, the. Student guide a pdf of the student guide is provided to students during the instruction, the virtual experiment, and the inlaboratory wet experiment, both of which follow the same lab procedure. You see that iodide ions on the left are oxidized to. How the rate of a reaction is measured will depend on what the reaction is and what product forms. Clock reaction in this experiment, the effect of temperature and concentration on the rate of a chemical reaction will be studied. Put another way, a catalyst lowers the activation energy that is required for. Understanding the conditions that affect the rate of a chemical reaction is essential in many different realworld applications of chemistry. In part i, you will vary the concentration of a reacting. The instantaneous rate of a reaction is given by the slope of a tangent to the concentrationvs. The reaction chosen, frequently termed the clock reaction, is actually a series of consecutive reactions represented by the following. The rate of the reaction can be calculated by the following equation.
Aug 07, 2019 download and print the following to use with your iodine clock reaction lab activity. Procedure record all data and observations directly in your lab notebook in ink. Reaction rates chapter 16 reaction rates 559 sstartup activitiestartup activities launnch ch llabab how can you accelerate a reaction. In this experiment, a special type of chemical reaction called a clock reaction will be used to determine quantitatively the influence of concentration on rate. Reaction rates make the following foldable to help you organize information about factors affecting reaction. Some chemical reactions go so slowly that nothing seems to be happening. Finding the rate of reaction of the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide introduction catalysts rate of reaction bibliography increase the rate of the reaction work by bringing the reactive parts of the reactant particles into close contact with each other. In the first lab, we mentioned that a rule of thumb says that an increase of 10 c in temperature should approximately double reaction rate. In this experiment, the effect of temperature and concentration on the rate of a chemical reaction will be studied. Vanderbilt student volunteers for science rates of chemical.
Determine if the reaction rate is linear over time and whether the concentration of the hcl affects linearity. Topic 5 rate of reaction illustrative experiments keep demonstration simple and eye catching do not overlook simple demonstrations. Surface area the more surface area of reactants exposed, the faster the reaction 3. Reaction kineticsspectrophotometric determination of a rate law. It includes investigations of how different experimental conditions can influence the speed of a. Download and print the following to use with your iodine clock reaction lab activity. The rate of the reaction can be measured by measuring the rate at which carbon dioxide is given off. Roughly speaking, for every 10oc rise, the rate of a reaction will double. Reaction rate increases when temperature increases, when concentration increases, and when solid reactants have more surface area available e. Rates of reactions lab prelab questions 1 what are the six factors that affect reaction rate.
In this lab you will explore these and other factors that affect the rates. The results conducted from this experiment proved that my hypothesis was valid. Through investigation factors surface area, temperature. Students should identify properties of the whole vs. Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the study of rates of chemical processes.
This hypothesis was made according to the information we found in textbook. In the second video, i try to help the student to see that while there was very little reaction with the pebbles, there actually was a significant decrease in mass associated with the reaction that used powder relative to the pebbles, and that this is in keeping with the hypothesis that larger surface areas lead to higher reaction rates. Chemical kinetics is the study of speed of chemical reactions. Measuring reaction rates introduction to chemistry. Thus for the reaction whose progress is plotted here, the actual rate as measured by the increasing concentration of product varies continuously, being greatest at time zero. Firstly, lets think about some different types of reactions and how quickly or slowly they occur. It is similar to the arrhenius equation, which also. Reaction rate is a measure of how quickly the reactants in a reaction change into the products of the reaction. In this video you will learn how to determine the initial rate of a. This simple experiment compares the rate of reaction using ground chalk greater surface area and whole pieces of chalk less surface area when chalk reacts with vinegar. A sample lab report the iodine clock reaction introduction. Catalysts work by providing an alternate pathway for the reaction. The powder has a large overall surface area due to its many individual parts.
The factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction are important to understand due to the importance of many such reactions to our health, wellbeing and comfort. Catalysts are chemicals that raise reaction rates without being consumed in the reaction. Many reactions occur so fast that you cannot measure how. How concentration and temperature affect chemical reaction rates are questions to be investigated in this experiment. The reaction rate for a given chemical reaction is the measure of the change in concentration of the reactants or the change in concentration of the products per unit time. Rate of reaction activity california state university. In this lab, students will use an absolute pressure sensor to determine the effects of temperature, concentration, and surface area on the rate of a chemical reaction by measuring changes in absolute pressure as the reaction proceeds. Ch095 a study of reaction rates page 1 a study of reaction rates chemical reaction rates are affected by changes in concentration of the reactants and temperature.
The experimental determination of reaction rates involves measuring how the concentrations of reactants or products change over time. Catalyst a catalyst is any substance that will increase the reaction rate without being consumed in the reaction. A catalyst which decreases the speed of a reaction is called an inhibitor. Rate of chemical reactions teacher guide purpose students will explore the effects of variables on the rate of a chemical reaction. Rate of reaction rate at which reactants are used up or products are formed. Rate of reaction 1 time taken for the solution to turn opaque. Factors affecting the rate of chemical reactions lab. Rate of reaction of sodium thiosulfate and hydrochloric acid. Introduction chemical kinetics is defined as the study of chemical reactions in terms of their reaction rates and the various factors that affect them. Reaction kineticsspectrophotometric determination of a. Rates of reactions and rate laws chemistry libretexts.
Chemical kinetics the study of rates of chemical reactions and the mechanisms by which they occur factors which affect reaction rates 1. These reaction rates will be compared to a controlled reaction. Bubbling tablets teacher guide stanford university. Nature of the reactants more active substances react faster ie. Pdf chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the study of rates of chemical processes. The shelflives of these products have been determined by chemists. The rate at which the reaction occurs can be altered by changing the set of conditions such as. If the rate of change of n2 is x, then we have three different rates for the same reaction. In order for the effect of temperature on rate reactions to be investigated, all the other factors must be kept constant. Collision theory states that in order for a reaction to proceed, the reactant particles must collide. Hypothesis as the temperature of the mixture increases, the rate of reaction will increase.
Hydrochloric acid solution is corrosive to eyes and skin. The rate of a chemical reaction is the speed with which reactants are converted to products. Lab the disappearing x rates of reaction activity virtual lab. Catalysis of the reaction between zinc and sulfuric acid instructions minutes 10 students perform lab 45 minutes 4 test tubes of sulfuric acid in test tube stands pieces of mossy zinc copper turnings magnesium ribbons. Predict how addition of a reactant or product will affect the forward and reverse reaction rates, and once this new system reaches equilibrium how the reactant and product concentrations will compare to the original system at equilibrium. Rate of reaction correction for reaction stoichiometry consider the reaction according to our current definition, we could define the rate of reaction in terms of the rate of change of concentration of n2, h2 or nh3. In the presence of a catalyst, molecules of reactants line up better so that when they collide with each other the reaction is more likely to take place.
To conduct a series of experiments which test factors affecting the rote of o enemieo, reaction. The rate of a chemical reaction is how fast the reaction occurs. Rates of reaction driving questions many products, such as medicines and food, have expiration dates. Even trivial activities can spark all sorts of interesting ideas.
A chemical reaction with no catalyst would have a lower rate of chemical reaction, compared to a reaction with a catalyst, since a catalyst is defined as a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up in the reaction itself. Reaction rates in the laboratory michigan state university. In this lab we will use spectrophotometry to determine the rate law for the reaction shown in reaction 1. Rates of reaction and factors affecting rate rate and. The reaction of sodium thiosulfate and hydrochloric acid generates sulfur dioxide gas, which is a skin and eye irritant. In the first series of experiments, we hold the initial concentration of no constant.
To understand the relationship or the lack of between the rate of a reaction and its equilibrium constant introduction the rate of a chemical reaction is the change in the concentration of a reactant or a product per unit time. Which factor that contribute to reaction rates was observed in the demo. Effect of concentration on the rate of a chemical reaction. Perform this demonstration in a wellventilated lab only. This 4page rate of reaction simulation lab hat is designed to give students experience in measuring the rate of reaction while changing 2 variables. Equation \\refeyring\ is known as the eyring equation and was developed by henry eyring in 1935, is based on transition state theory and is used to describe the relationship between reaction rate and temperature. A substance that increases the rate of a reaction without itself being used up by the reaction is called a catalyst. Since the absorbance of the reaction solution is directly related to the concentration of cv, the change in. Collision theory is used to explain why chemical reactions occur at different rates. Design an experiment to test one of these variables.
You are required to discuss the topics in more detail relating to kinetic theory. The rate of a chemical reaction can be measured in two ways. Aug 24, 2019 thus for the reaction whose progress is plotted here, the actual rate as measured by the increasing concentration of product varies continuously, being greatest at time zero. It is moderately toxic by ingestion and inhalation. Refrigeration is known to lengthen the time before meat, eggs, dairy, and produce spoil. In contrast, the solid, a crystallized rock, has a much smaller surface area. Experiment must be done to determine the dependence of the rate of a reaction on the concentration of reactant. In almost every case, the reaction rate will increase with increasing temperature. The rate of a chemical reaction is the change in the concentration of a reactant or a product per unit. Vanderbilt student volunteers for science rates of. Rates of reaction high school lab experiments pasco. Three such rates have been identified in this plot. Sodium thiosulfate solution is a body tissue irritant.
Jan 10, 2017 reaction rate is a measure of how quickly the reactants in a reaction change into the products of the reaction. Mar 25, 2020 these reaction rates will be compared to a controlled reaction. Another factor that influences reaction rate is the concentration. In this lab, students experience the effect of surface area on the rate of a chemical reaction. In this lab, you can investigate one way of speeding up a slow reaction. Chemical reaction rates mackenzie research laboratory at.
Students will interpret a simplified qualitative representation of the reaction as well as analyze corresponding data organized on a graph. The expected result is an increased rate of reaction when greater surface area of the chalk is exposed. Graph your results for the trials using 4 m, 2 m, and 1 m hcl. By the end of this simulation, students should be able to. Eleventh grade lesson reaction rate lab report betterlesson.